Master Estar – Without The Frustration

Dive into our comprehensive guide to conjugating estar, designed to make mastering Spanish verbs easier than ever.

Our exclusive audio recordings effortlessly embed conjugations into your memory, so you can learn faster and retain more.

Covering every tense—from the simple present to the elusive subjunctive—we provide clear explanations and interactive tools to accelerate your fluency.

The Power of Audio: Master Spanish Conjugations with Ease

Tired of wrestling with Spanish verb conjugations? You’re not alone! Traditional methods often rely on rote memorization of written charts, leading to frustration and slow progress. But there’s a better way – one that’s easier, faster, and more in tune with how your brain naturally learns.

In this post, you’ll discover a unique approach that combines the power of visual and auditory learning. We provide complete conjugation charts for the verb, along with specially designed audio recordings that play the conjugations on a loop. This allows you to effortlessly absorb the patterns and rhythms of the language, embedding them directly into your memory.

Optimize Your Learning: A Step-by-Step Guide

Ready to experience the difference? Here’s how to maximize your learning with this page:

1. Select Your Target: Choose the verb tense you want to master (e.g., present tense, preterite, imperfect).
2. Engage Your Ears: Play the corresponding audio recording on a loop. Let the sounds of the conjugations wash over you.
3. Activate Your Eyes: Simultaneously, follow along with the conjugation chart. This dual-sensory approach enhances your brain’s ability to encode and retain the information.
4. Listen for the Flow: Continue listening until the conjugations feel like a natural, familiar melody. You’ll instinctively know when it “clicks.”
5. Reinforce and Repeat: Revisit the audio and chart every few days to solidify the patterns in your long-term memory.

This method leverages your brain’s innate language learning capabilities, making memorization feel more like listening to a catchy song than a tedious study session.

With this approach, you’ll move beyond rote memorization to actually using conjugations confidently in real conversations. Say goodbye to frustration and hello to a smarter, more intuitive way to learn Spanish. Let’s begin!

Introduction to Estar

“Estar” is a Spanish verb meaning “to be.” It’s one of the two main “to be” verbs in Spanish (along with “ser”) and is used to describe temporary states, locations, and conditions.

Infinitive	Past Participle	Gerund
estar	estado	[not used]

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Example Sentences:

• Past Participle
  Ha estado enfermo. He has been sick.

Indicative tenses of Estar

The indicative mood in Spanish is all about reality. When you use an indicative tense, you’re stating a fact, making an observation, or describing an event you believe to be true. This mood has a wide range of tenses that allow you to express yourself across different time frames, from the past to the present and into the future.

Estar in the Indicative Present

The present indicative tense of estar (to be) is used to talk about actions happening now, habits, routines, and general truths.

For example: Estoy en la oficina. (I am at the office.)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	estoy
Tú	estás
Él / Ella / Usted	está
Nosotros / Nosotras	estamos
Vosotros / Vosotras	estáis
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	están

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The Indicative Present tense is also known as the Simple Present, Present Simple, Present Tense, or Present Indicative in English, and as Presente de Indicativo, Presente Simple, Tiempo Presente, or Indicativo Presente in Spanish.

Estar in the Indicative Preterite

The preterite tense of estar is used to talk about completed actions in the past. Think of it as the tense for actions that have a clear beginning and end.

For example: Estuve en casa todo el día. (I was at home all day.)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	estuve
Tú	estuviste
Él / Ella / Usted	estuvo
Nosotros / Nosotras	estuvimos
Vosotros / Vosotras	estuvisteis
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	estuvieron

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The Indicative Preterite tense is also known as the Simple Past, Preterite Simple, Preterite Tense, or Past Definite in English, and as Pretérito Indefinido, Pretérito Perfecto Simple, Pretérito Simple, or Tiempo Pasado in Spanish.

Estar in the Indicative Imperfect

The imperfect tense of estar takes us back to the past, but with a different perspective than the preterite. It describes actions that were ongoing or repeated in the past, with no specific end point.

For example, Estaba enfermo cuando me llamaste. (I was sick when you called me.)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	estaba
Tú	estabas
Él / Ella / Usted	estaba
Nosotros / Nosotras	estábamos
Vosotros / Vosotras	estabais
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	estaban

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The Indicative Imperfect tense is also known as the Imperfect Tense, Past Imperfect, or Imperfective Past in English, and as Pretérito Imperfecto, Imperfecto de Indicativo, or Tiempo Imperfecto in Spanish.

Estar in the Indicative Present Continuous

It’s important to note that estar is not used in the present continuous tense in Spanish. This is because estar itself is the auxiliary verb used to form the present continuous of other verbs (like “am/is/are” in English). It would be redundant and grammatically incorrect to say “estoy estando” as this would literally mean “I am being being.”

When describing states of being in Spanish, you would simply use estar in the present simple tense. For example:

Estoy ocupado últimamente. (I am busy lately.)

The present continuous construction in Spanish (estar + gerundio) is reserved for other verbs, where estar serves as the auxiliary verb. For example: estoy trabajando (I am working), estoy comiendo (I am eating), etc.

Estar in the Indicative Near Future

The near future tense of estar expresses actions that will happen in the very near future. It often emphasizes the speaker’s intention or certainty.

For example: Voy a estar en casa esta noche. (I am going to be at home tonight.)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	voy a estar
Tú	vas a estar
Él / Ella / Usted	va a estar
Nosotros / Nosotras	vamos a estar
Vosotros / Vosotras	vais a estar
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	van a estar

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The Indicative Near Future tense is also known as the Immediate Future, Simple Future (colloquial use), or Informal Future in English, and as Futuro Próximo, Futuro Cercano, or Ir a + Infinitivo in Spanish.

Estar in the Indicative Future

The future tense of estar expresses actions that will occur in the future. It’s a more formal way to talk about future plans or predictions.

For example: Estaré en la oficina mañana. (I will be at the office tomorrow.)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	estaré
Tú	estarás
Él / Ella / Usted	estará
Nosotros / Nosotras	estaremos
Vosotros / Vosotras	estaréis
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	estarán

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The Indicative Future tense is also known as the Simple Future, Future Simple, or Future Tense in English, and as Futuro Simple, Futuro de Indicativo, or Tiempo Futuro in Spanish.

Estar in the Indicative Conditional

The conditional tense of estar is used to talk about hypothetical situations or actions that would happen under certain conditions. It often translates to “would be” in English.

For example: Estaría en la playa ahora, pero tengo que trabajar. (I would be at the beach now, but I have to work.)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	estaría
Tú	estarías
Él / Ella / Usted	estaría
Nosotros / Nosotras	estaríamos
Vosotros / Vosotras	estaríais
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	estarían

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The Indicative Conditional tense is also known as the Conditional Tense, Present Conditional, or Simple Conditional in English, and as Condicional Simple, Condicional de Indicativo, or Tiempo Condicional in Spanish.

Estar in the Indicative Present Perfect

The present perfect tense of estar is used to describe actions that started in the past and continue to the present, or have a result that is relevant to the present.

For example: He estado enfermo toda la semana. (I have been sick all week.)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	he estado
Tú	has estado
Él / Ella / Usted	ha estado
Nosotros / Nosotras	hemos estado
Vosotros / Vosotras	habéis estado
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	han estado

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The Indicative Present Perfect tense is also known as the Present Perfect, Perfect Present, or Compound Past in English, and as Pretérito Perfecto Compuesto, Perfecto de Indicativo, or Presente Perfecto in Spanish.

Estar in the Indicative Past Perfect

The past perfect tense of estar is used to describe an action that happened before another action in the past.

For example: Había estado en Madrid antes de mudarme allí. (I had been in Madrid before moving there.)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	había estado
Tú	habías estado
Él / Ella / Usted	había estado
Nosotros / Nosotras	habíamos estado
Vosotros / Vosotras	habíais estado
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	habían estado

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The Indicative Past Perfect tense is also known as the Pluperfect, Past Perfect, or Compound Past Perfect in English, and as Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto, Pluscuamperfecto de Indicativo, or Pasado Perfecto in Spanish.

Estar in the Indicative Future Perfect

The future perfect tense of estar describes an action that will be completed before a specific point in the future.

For example: Habré estado casado por veinte años cuando llegue diciembre. (I will have been married for twenty years by December.)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	habré estado
Tú	habrás estado
Él / Ella / Usted	habrá estado
Nosotros / Nosotras	habremos estado
Vosotros / Vosotras	habréis estado
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	habrán estado

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The Indicative Future Perfect tense is also known as the Future Perfect or Compound Future in English, and as Futuro Perfecto, Perfecto de Futuro, or Futuro Compuesto in Spanish.

Estar in the Indicative Conditional Perfect

The conditional perfect of estar is used to talk about hypothetical situations in the past, something that would have happened if a different condition had been met. It often translates to “would have been” in English.

For example: Habría estado en la fiesta, pero estaba enfermo. (I would have been at the party, but I was sick.)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	habría estado
Tú	habrías estado
Él / Ella / Usted	habría estado
Nosotros / Nosotras	habríamos estado
Vosotros / Vosotras	habríais estado
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	habrían estado

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The Indicative Conditional Perfect tense is also known as the Perfect Conditional or Compound Conditional in English, and as Condicional Perfecto, Perfecto de Condicional, or Condicional Compuesto in Spanish.

Subjunctive tenses of Estar

The subjunctive mood in Spanish might seem a bit mysterious at first, but it’s all about expressing subjectivity. Instead of stating cold, hard facts, you use the subjunctive to talk about desires, doubts, emotions, and possibilities. Think of it as the mood of uncertainty, where things are wished for, doubted, or influenced by opinions and feelings.

Estar in the Present Subjunctive

The present subjunctive of estar is used to express wishes, doubts, emotions, and possibilities in the present or future. It often follows verbs or phrases that indicate subjectivity or uncertainty.

For example: Espero que estés bien. (I hope you are well.)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	esté
Tú	estés
Él / Ella / Usted	esté
Nosotros / Nosotras	estemos
Vosotros / Vosotras	estéis
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	estén

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The Subjunctive Present tense is also known as the Present Subjunctive or Simple Present Subjunctive in English, and as Presente de Subjuntivo or Subjuntivo Presente in Spanish.

Estar in the Imperfect Subjunctive

The imperfect subjunctive of estar is used to express wishes, doubts, emotions, and possibilities in the past, or in hypothetical situations. It often follows verbs or phrases that indicate subjectivity or uncertainty in the past tense.

For example: Dudaba que estuviera enfermo. (I doubted that he/she was sick.)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	estuviera
Tú	estuvieras
Él / Ella / Usted	estuviera
Nosotros / Nosotras	estuviéramos
Vosotros / Vosotras	estuvierais
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	estuvieran

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The Subjunctive Imperfect tense is also known as the Imperfect Subjunctive or Past Subjunctive in English, and as Pretérito Imperfecto de Subjuntivo, Imperfecto de Subjuntivo, or Subjuntivo Pasado in Spanish.

Estar in the Future Subjunctive

The future subjunctive is rarely used in modern Spanish, but it’s good to be aware of it! It expresses a hypothetical action in the future with a high degree of uncertainty.

For example: Si estuviere presente, lo saludaré. (If he/she should be present, I will greet him/her.)

You’ll likely encounter this tense more in literature or legal texts than in everyday conversation.

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	estuviere
Tú	estuvieres
Él / Ella / Usted	estuviere
Nosotros / Nosotras	estuviéremos
Vosotros / Vosotras	estuviereis
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	estuvieren

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The Subjunctive Future tense is also known as the Future Subjunctive or Simple Future Subjunctive in English, and as Futuro de Subjuntivo or Subjuntivo Futuro in Spanish.

Estar in the Present Perfect Subjunctive

The present perfect subjunctive of estar is used to express actions that are completed in relation to the present or future, but with some element of subjectivity or uncertainty.

For example: Me alegra que hayas estado bien. (I’m glad that you have been well.)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	haya estado
Tú	hayas estado
Él / Ella / Usted	haya estado
Nosotros / Nosotras	hayamos estado
Vosotros / Vosotras	hayáis estado
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	hayan estado

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The Subjunctive Present Perfect tense is also known as the Perfect Subjunctive or Present Perfect Subjunctive in English, and as Pretérito Perfecto de Subjuntivo or Perfecto de Subjuntivo in Spanish.

Estar in the Past Perfect Subjunctive

The past perfect subjunctive of estar is used to express actions that were completed before another action in the past, but with some element of subjectivity or uncertainty.

For example: Dudaba que hubiera estado presente. (I doubted that he/she had been present.)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	hubiera estado
Tú	hubieras estado
Él / Ella / Usted	hubiera estado
Nosotros / Nosotras	hubiéramos estado
Vosotros / Vosotras	hubierais estado
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	hubieran estado

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The Subjunctive Past Perfect tense is also known as the Pluperfect Subjunctive, Past Perfect Subjunctive, or Compound Past Subjunctive in English, and as Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto de Subjuntivo or Pluscuamperfecto de Subjuntivo in Spanish.

Estar in the Future Perfect Subjunctive

Like the future subjunctive, the future perfect subjunctive is very rare in modern Spanish. It expresses a hypothetical action that will have been completed before a certain point in the future.

For example: Cuando hubiere estado preparado, te avisaré. (When I have been ready, I will let you know.)

It’s more likely to be found in legal documents or older literature than in everyday speech. Most speakers would use other tenses to express this idea.

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	hubiere estado
Tú	hubieres estado
Él / Ella / Usted	hubiere estado
Nosotros / Nosotras	hubiéremos estado
Vosotros / Vosotras	hubiereis estado
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	hubieren estado

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The Subjunctive Future Perfect tense is also known as the Future Perfect Subjunctive or Compound Future Subjunctive in English, and as Futuro Perfecto de Subjuntivo or Perfecto de Futuro de Subjuntivo in Spanish.

Imperative tenses of Estar

The imperative mood in Spanish is all about getting things done! It’s the mood of commands, requests, and instructions. When you use the imperative, you’re telling someone to do something, offering advice, or even expressing a strong wish. Want to tell someone to be quiet, be careful, or be patient? The imperative is your go-to mood.

Estar in the Imperative Affirmative

The affirmative imperative of estar is used to give commands or instructions to be in a certain state or location.

For example: ¡Está tranquilo! (Be calm!)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	—
Tú	está
Él / Ella / Usted	esté
Nosotros / Nosotras	estemos
Vosotros / Vosotras	estad
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	estén

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The Imperative Affirmative tense is also known as the Positive Imperative or Affirmative Command in English, and as Imperativo Afirmativo or Mandato Afirmativo in Spanish.

Estar in the Imperative Negative

The negative imperative of estar is used to give commands or instructions not to be in a certain state or location.

For example: ¡No estés nervioso! (Don’t be nervous!)

Pronoun	Conjugation
Yo	—
Tú	no estés
Él / Ella / Usted	no esté
Nosotros / Nosotras	no estemos
Vosotros / Vosotras	no estéis
Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes	no estén

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The Imperative Negative tense is also known as the Negative Imperative or Negative Command in English, and as Imperativo Negativo or Mandato Negativo in Spanish.